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Bellamy, Edward (1850 - 1898): Looking Backward
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Bentham, Jeremy (1747 - 1832): Principles of Morals and Legislation
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Bloch, Jean (1836 - 1902): The Future of War
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Burke, Edmund (1729 - 1797): Reflections on the Revolution in France
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Comte, Auguste (1798 - 1857): A Course of Positive Philosophy 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
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George, Henry (1839 - 1897): Progress and Poverty
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Hobbes, Thomas (1588 - 1679): The Leviathan
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Machiavelli, Niccolo (1469 - 1527): The Prince
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Malthus, T.R. (1766 - 1834): On the Principle of Population
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Marx, Karl (1818 - 1883): Capital: A Critical Analysis
L’histoire, n’est que l’histoire de la guerre des classes. La division de la société en classes, qui apparaît avec la vie sociale de l’homme, repose sur des rapports économiques, maintenus par la force, d’après lesquels les uns réussissent à se décharger sur les autres de la nécessité naturelle du travail.
Ce sont les intérêts matériels qui ont toujours motivé la lutte incessante des classes privilégiées, soit entre elles, soit contre les classes inférieures aux dépens de qui elles vivent. Ce sont les conditions de la vie matérielle qui dominent l’homme, ce sont ces conditions, et par suite le mode de production, qui ont déterminé et détermineront les moeurs et les institutions sociales, économiques, politiques, juridiques, etc.
Dès qu’une partie de la société a accaparé les moyens de production, l’autre partie, à qui incombe le fardeau du travail, est obligée d’ajouter au temps de travail commandé par son propre entretien, un surplus, pour lequel elle ne reçoit aucun équivalent, destiné à entretenir et à enrichir les possesseurs des moyens de production. Comme soutireur de travail non payé qui, par la plus-value croissante dont il est la source, accumule tous les jours davantage dans les mains de la classe propriétaire les instruments de domination, le régime capitaliste dépasse en puissance tous les régimes antérieurs de travaux forcés.
Le capital de Karl Marx
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Mill, John Stuart (1806 - 1873): Principles of Political Economy
Cheapness is the sentence of death to the producer on a small scale who has no money to invest in the purchase of machinery that his rich rivals can easily procure. Cheapness is the great instrument in the hands of monopoly; it absorbs the small manufacturer, the small shopkeeper, the small proprietor; it is, in one word, the destruction of the middle classes for the advantage of a few industrial oligarchs.
Socialism
Competition is the best security for cheapness, but by no means a security for quality. In former times, when producers and consumers were less numerous, it was a security for both. The market was not large enough nor the means of publicity sufficient to enable a dealer to make a fortune by continually attracting new customers: his success depended on his retaining those that he had; and when a dealer furnished good articles, or when he did not, the fact was soon known to those whom it concerned, and he acquired a character for honest or dishonest dealing of more importance to him than the gain that would be made by cheating casual purchasers.
Socialism
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Montesquieu (1689 - 1755): The Spirit of Laws
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Owen, Robert: Book of the New Moral World
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More, Sir Thomas (1478 - 1535): Utopia Nowhere Land
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Paine, Thomas (1737 - 1809): The Rights of Man
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Rousseau, Jean Jacques (1712 - 1778): The Social Contract and summary (in French)
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Smith, Adam (1723 - 1790): Wealth of Nations or on archive.org
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Say, Jean-Baptiste (1767 - 1832):
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Samuelson, Paul (1915 - 2009): revealed preference theory "A note on the pure theory of consumer’s behaviour." Economica (1938) and "Consumption theory in terms of revealed preference." Economica (1948).
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Ricardo, David (1772 - 1823): On The Principles of Political Economy, and Taxation
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Viner, Jacob (1892 - 1970): Studies in the Theory of International Trade
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Tinbergen, Jan (1903 - 1994):
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Baumol, William J. (1922 - 2017): Obituary (The Economist); Welfare Economics and the Theory of the State
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Pigou, A.C. (1877 - 1959): The Economics of Welfare
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Keynes, John Maynard (1883 - 1946): The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
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Friedman, Milton (1912 - 2006): Special report (The Economist)
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Galbraith, J.K. (1908 - 2006): Obituary (The Economist)
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Arrow, Kenneth (1921 - 2017): Social Choice and Individual Values
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Sen, Amartya (1933 - ): Choice, Welfare, and Measurement; Utilitarianism and Welfarism
The utilitarian moral approach can be factorized into three distinct elements: (1) consequentialism (judging all choice variables, e.g. actions or policies, entirely in terms consequent of states of affairs); (2) welfarism (judging states of affairs entirely in terms of personal utility information relating to the respective states); and (3) sum-ranking (judging personal utility information entirely in terms of their sum-total).
Choice, Welfare, and Measurement (page 28)
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Rawls, John (1921 - 2002): A Theory of Justice, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
TBD
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Walras, Léon (1834 - 1910): Éléments d’économie politique pure ou Théorie de la Richesse Sociale
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Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro (1845 - 1926): Papers relating to political economy, Vol.1, Vol.2, and Vol.3
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Giffen, Robert (1837 - 1910): Essai sur l’Économie Rurale
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Douglas, Paul (1892 - 1976):
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Engel, Ernst (1821 - 1896):
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Laffer, Arthur (1940 - ):
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Cournot, Antoine Auguste (1801 - 1877): Principes de la Théorie des Richesses
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Slutsky, Evgeny (1880 - 1948):